See espaule on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épaule"
},
"expansion": "French: épaule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: épaule"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espalle"
},
"expansion": "Old French espalle",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French espalle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espaules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "espaules",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "espaule f (plural espaules)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espaule f (plural espaules)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "frm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "frm:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shoulder"
],
"id": "en-espaule-frm-noun-ifRdTIFy",
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "espaule"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "espaule oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "espaules",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "espaule",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "espaules",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espaule oblique singular, f (oblique plural espaules, nominative singular espaule, nominative plural espaules)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "espalle"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fro:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "under his should, he cut into his flesh",
"ref": "12ᵗʰ Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:",
"text": "Desor l'espaule li fist la char trenchier",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of espalle"
],
"id": "en-espaule-fro-noun-2GdHGif8",
"links": [
[
"espalle",
"espalle#Old_French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "espaule"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épaule"
},
"expansion": "French: épaule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: épaule"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espalle"
},
"expansion": "Old French espalle",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French espalle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espaules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "espaules",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "espaule f (plural espaules)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espaule f (plural espaules)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French feminine nouns",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"frm:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"shoulder"
],
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "espaule"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "espaule oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "espaules",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "espaule",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "espaules",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "espaule oblique singular, f (oblique plural espaules, nominative singular espaule, nominative plural espaules)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "espalle"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fro:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "under his should, he cut into his flesh",
"ref": "12ᵗʰ Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:",
"text": "Desor l'espaule li fist la char trenchier",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of espalle"
],
"links": [
[
"espalle",
"espalle#Old_French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "espaule"
}
Download raw JSONL data for espaule meaning in All languages combined (2.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'espaule oblique singular or', originally 'espaule oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"espaule"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "espaule",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'espaule oblique singular or', originally 'espaule oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"espaule"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "espaule",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'espaule oblique singular or' in 'espaule oblique singular, f (oblique plural espaules, nominative singular espaule, nominative plural espaules)'",
"path": [
"espaule"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "espaule",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.